Fund of Knowledge and Experience
Every society is the outcome of its history. Over millennia and
generations, humans have developed techniques to adapt to
their natural environment and have established rules to
regulate relations among individuals and groups. The fund of
knowledge and experience refers to the understanding people
have of their natural and social environments and to
technology they have developed to exploit the resources their
culture defines as relevant. The study of people in different
places and at different times reveals the great diversity of
strategies adopted to confront the challenges of an uncertain
environment. Technologies, economies, political organizations
and institutions, and social arrangements have varied through
time and across space. These varying cultural histories have
shaped the way people perceive and interact with their
environment. Recognizing these long-term determinants is
essential to predicting potential responses to current
environmental changes. It is also a reminder that humans have
always defined and perceived nature in cultural terms.
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